1.   Types of bonds

2.   Inorganic and water

3.   Water and solutions

2.   Fats and multiple roles

3.   Link to hydrolysis and synthesis

Number One

Sugar ratio: C6H12O6

Linear verses ring interpretation

Notes

http://www.sparknotes.com/health/carbohydrates/section1.html

https://hubpages.com/education/Biomoleculescarbohydrates

Diversity of mono verses polysaccrides

https://www.thoughtco.com/carbohydrates-373558

Role of glucose in metabolism

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate_metabolism

Sugar and hydroxyl groups

http://study.com/academy/lesson/hydroxyl-group-definition-structure-quiz.html

The sugar debate

http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/19/health/sugar-guidelines-debate/index.html

Gunner Zone

What is the affect of switching hydroxyl groups in sugars

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Principles_of_Biochemistry/The_Carbohydrates:_Monosaccharides,_Disaccharides_and_Polysaccharides

Cellular Energy (Gunner information)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vUph1bVGSUo

Number Two

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130423102127.htm

Fatty acid structure: saturated and unsaturated

Animal and plant fats

LDL and HDL

Triglyceride

Phospholipids

Steriods

Diversity of Lipid structures and functions

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130423102127.htm

https://www.thoughtco.com/lipids-373560

Number Three

Polar verses non polar

Tonicity and saturation

Molecules of life

http://www.bozemanscience.com/chemical-bonds-covalent-vs-ionic/

chemistry for biologists

http://www.rsc.org/Education/Teachers/Resources/cfb/index2.htm

Other reasons to study biology in high school

http://seniorsecondary.tki.org.nz/Science/Rationale/Why-study-biology

Powerpoint

1.   Summer time life styles verses grade 12

2.   intro to class

3.   Chapter Two Chemistry

Number One

·      What is squared away?

http://www.phrases.org.uk/bulletin_board/28/messages/296.html

Near the end of the eighteenth century, sailors began to extend the verb by adding away. The combination took on a sense of getting moving or travelling directly to some destination without delay or deviation.

·      Redefining “gunner”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mrlnh3vebSc

·

·      Our mission is “G.S.D.” (Get Stuff Done)

·      What is a “concept”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8fKU9LZ2kw

So what is physiology?

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/248791.php

Number Two

·      How “concepts” are linked together?

·      Matter makes energy.

·      Matter is held together by electron glue

·      You are a combination of molecules and cells that have not clue what “you” is.

·      What is a chemical bond? (At least five types)

Number Three

Introduction to water

How many properties of water are there?

Which properties are linked to hydrogen bonds?

Which properties are linked to covalent bonds?

Properties of water

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0eNSnj4ZfZ8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HVT3Y3_gHGg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6HxHK-5VAY

Molecules of life

https://www.ted.com/talks/drew_berry_animations_of_unseeable_biology?language=en

http://www.wikihow.com/Take-Cornell-Notes

Youtube

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WtW9IyE04OQ

Youtube 2 (Note taking)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xSYnGhlnzyw

Pre Chapter Quiz

https://www.mheducation.ca/school/learningcentres/mod/quiz/attempt.php?id=21072

Online Quiz Practice

https://quizlet.com/4266469/inquiry-into-life-chapter-2-flash-cards/

Mader Multiple Choice

http://www.mhhe.com/cgi-bin/webquiz.pl

Tough times don’t last, tough people do

http://scientificbrains.com/4-ways-to-accquire-navy-seals-mental-toughness/

2.   From primitive brain to neucortex

3.   Limbic and Addiction Assignment

4.   Quiz Nervous system next Class

https://www2.bc.edu/christopher-kenaley/bio4260/4260.study.guide.exam3.pdf

Brain notes

http://www.cogsci.ucsd.edu/~pineda/COGS107A/studyguide/COGS107ALocationterminology.pdf

Video from Khan Academy

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/executive-systems-of-the-brain/emotion-2014-03-27T18:40:38.294Z/v/emotions-limbic-system

Two

·      http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/d/d_05/d_05_cr/d_05_cr_her/d_05_cr_her.html

·      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_the_brain

·      http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-has-human-brain-evolved/

Three

Key terminology

a)   inhibitors

b)   action potential

c)    acetylcholine

http://www.naturalnews.com/036778_GABA_brain_health_nervous_system.html#

d)   See cheat sheet for GABA

http://www.naturalnews.com/036778_GABA_brain_health_nervous_system.html#

e)   Dopamine

f)     Noradrenaline

Link to function and structures of the brain

https://quizlet.com/52163558/psy-362-sheep-brain-flash-cards/

Mader “Inquiry to life”

1.   Review Neuron structures

2.   Action Potential

3.   Action Potential Sheets

2.   Synapses

3.   Neurotransmitters

Practice Quiz

http://wps.pearsoned.it/fisiologia_umana5/165/42313/10832298.cw/content/index.html

An amazing demonstration including smells, sounds and Mr. C using his cell phone to call a higher power.

Don’t forget

Salty Ba Na Na..

Sodium in and Potasium out,

that’s what the Action potential wave is all about.

Two

Synaptic Transmission

Two extra questions

·      Why do neurons need sugar?

·      Why does milk or calcium magnesium tablets help you relax?

Three

Written information

http://outreach.mcb.harvard.edu/teachers/Summer05/RaymondBroadhead/Synapses_and_Drugs.pdf

Crash Course : Neurons

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VitFvNvRIIY

A good set of 8 videos

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifD1YG07fB8&list=PLVGXxfiN3yxRzC7u-efyBiEPKm_ZeLvxl

AP Psych

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mVJjWYXS4JM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eZundDVPIYw

Note: everyone forgets step 7!

2.   Intro to Nervous System

2.   Neuron types

3.   Structure and function of cell parts

4.   Intro to action potential

Two

Intro video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DLN1UsvmVvM

Tricks: There are five distinct cell structures that allow you to classify three neuron types.

Key questions:

Were is the cell body?

Which is longer, axon or dendrites?

Which cell types have myelin

2 minute lesson

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qS83wD29PY

Three

So how does the movement of sodium and potassium make a “wave”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qS83wD29PY

An electron signal

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAmUjvgoO0A

We focusing on the nature of an electrical signal.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAmUjvgoO0A

This is a good animation.

So which way does the wave travel?

How is energy linked to neuron activity?

Why does the cell need to repolarize?

Can you find a BC provincial Question to see if you get this topic?

Mader “Inquiry to life”

Action potential

Last lessons Objective

Components of Blood

1.   Examining a blood test report

2.   Introduction to parts of respiratory system

3.   Gas exchange

Number One

http://www.newportnaturalhealth.com/2012/08/a-guide-to-understanding-blood-tests/

Number Two

Please note that there is a distinction between breathing and respiration.

What is respiration?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wMH7HOy1LuE

What is the difference between respiration and breathing?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wMH7HOy1LuE

Anatomy and physiology of respiratory system

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPjqgaMmOTE

Simulation of breathing

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zRv5tNCMpyY

An Aussie clip on How the lungs work and lung disease

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cy1lfZAIojs

Please note:

·      The role of pleural tissues and specific proteins that allow for better absorption of oxygen.

·      The role of mucus and heating of external air.

·      The direction and role of cilia.

·      How respiratory infections are linked to anatomical locations of infection.

·      How is the respiratory system linked both to the digestive system and circulatory system?

·      Imagine getting fuel, transporting that fuel and then burning it.

Number Three

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W7egri8t-iE

a molecular view

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x26TWL3VKMg

an animated explaination

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJ_9OqJJzdI

a lecture format

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KUhAbqg2JYg

another lesson\lecture format with drawing

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acSG-zbmae0

Key points

Fast verse slow absorption of carbion dioxide

The role of carbonic anhydrase

What occurs in the blood plasma verse the rbc

How does the body deal with broad range of carbon dioxide in the blood.

5 Questions on Circulatory or Blood from Provincial Exams

https://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/exams/specs/resource_exams/biology12/2013bi12_b_mc.pdf

In moments of stress, learn to breath..it will relax you!

Last lessons Objective

Components of Blood

1.   Unit J Components of blood

2.   Blood Types

3.   Introduction to Hemography

Number One

Videos on Components of Blood

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-sKZWqsUpw

Blood Basics

http://www.hematology.org/Patients/Basics/

https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/Encyclopedia/Content.aspx?ContentTypeID=90&ContentID=P02316

Get credit for work by checking answer key to worksheet available at tutorial time.

Number Two

Video on Blood Type

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L06TJTMVkBo

Mystery about O negative blood.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ck6xNUW7B60

Donating Blood

http://www.healthlinkbc.ca/healthtopics/content.asp?hwid=uf10217

Number Three

http://www.newportnaturalhealth.com/2012/08/a-guide-to-understanding-blood-tests/

What is in blood

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5MOn8X-tyFw

Bizzare History of blood transfusion

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nU9Rah_cP5E

History of blood transfusion

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CV68EzS0jsI

5 Questions on Circulatory or Blood from Provincial Exams

https://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/exams/specs/resource_exams/biology12/2013bi12_b_mc.pdf

Circulatory

http://start.sd34.bc.ca/cwedel/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Prov-Exam-Qns-C34567.pdf

Topics for next class

a)   Case studies for Hemography

b)   Inflammation and Blood Clotting

Last lessons Objective

Introduction to enzymes

1.   Inquiry based enzyme lab

2.   Lab outline

3.   Due Friday

Number One

Number Two

Make sure to type up! Not hand written.

Title: What were you testing or examinining

Purpose:

State the purpose of your lab and provide a hypothesis and reason for the hypothesis. Cite a reference to show previous information about enzymes and the enzyme amylase.

Material

Be very specific with this section, make sure to give precise measurement. Make sure to everything you used

Procedure (in point form)

Starting from the beginning, make sure to outline everything you did.

You may use this section to examine why experimental error occurred.

Imagine that if you picked up your lab, you would know exactly each step of the lab.

Assume nothing.

Data:

In this section record both qualitative and quantitative values.

Results

Make a graph of your data. Include a title, x and y coordinates and use either a line or bar graph.

Discussion and Summary

To include:

·      Properties of the graph such as slope or if the graph is exponential and why

·      Discuss how your data and graph shows current understanding about enzymes and enzyme action.

·      You can even find a reference to compare your results with results found in your reference.

·      Discussion of possible experimental error.

Conclusion

To include:

·      Hypothesis of lab verses results

·      Experimental error

·      Next variable to check

Number Three

Enzyme Lab

http://www.und.nodak.edu/dept/jcarmich/101lab/lab6/lab6.html

Amylase Lab

http://www.laney.edu/wp/cheli-fossum/files/2012/01/10-Enzymes.pdf

Amylase lab

https://www.pearsonschoolsandfecolleges.co.uk/Secondary/Science/Software/ModularScienceForAQA/Samples/Samplematerial/mod_sci_aqa_trp.pdf

Distinct questions to answer in your discussion

·      What is the difference between using Iodine verses Benedicts solution?

·      Which enzyme would be subject to denaturing and why?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0EF7LZ4X8MU

Indicating sugar with iodine

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZyq4koUCNM

Indicators

http://emp.byui.edu/wellerg/Molecules%20of%20the%20Cell%20Lab/instruction/Molecules%20of%20the%20Cell%20Instructions.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_nautical_terms

1.   Role of Enzymes

2.   Action of enzymes and changes due to ph, heat, acid and heavy metal

2)   Key reactions that can be monitored ( amylase and peroxidase)

3)   Planning to use spectrometer

Number One

We are on page 5 of our notes!

Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions within an organism.

Put simply, energy allows things to move.

Energy can be stored or used by the body.

Key players in the metabolic game of energy are ATP, Oxygen, ATP, Vitamins, Calcium and yes..Enzymes.

A cell can move, grow and reproduce. In each case you need energy.

Energy can be potential or kinetic

Potential is stored energy

Kinetic energy is linked to breaking down stored energy

Key terms: Anabolic (make) and Catabolic (break)

So simplify: I ate cereal and now I have energy.

a)   Glycolysis is the break down of sugar.

b)   By breaking down sugar, the body can convert products into ATP.

c)    By adding Hydrogen to Oxygen, the body has an efficient way to make ATP

To move you need energy, so does a cell.

In order, energy demands can be met by breaking down

a)   complex sugars to monosaccride, then to atp

b)   complex fats broken down to fatty acids can merge with sugar being metabolized.

c)    Complex proteins can be broken down and added to sugar metabolic pathway.

To break things down, you need energy.

You do not want to use more energy to break things down, than what you will get from catabolic pathways..

So we need enzymes!

See page 6 of notes

Khan explaination

https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/stanford-medicine/growth-and-metabolism/v/basics-of-metabolism

Another video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zVx9Qhj43E0

Number Two

Bozeman Science

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ok9esggzN18

So how can we observe an enzyme reaction?

Note: Substrate plus enzyme will make product

If you change the amount of substrate, you need more enzyme.

If you have a functional enzyme it will make a product.

You can measure a variety of enzyme reactions by identifying the product.

Some easy enzyme reactions to monitor are:

Amylase reaction

http://intro.bio.umb.edu/OLLM/111F98/pdfs/Amylase.pdf

Starch is a poly saccharide to break it down you can make into a disaccharide. What is the difference between amylase and maltase?

A story on amylase

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HTJy3lnPmL8

Catalase Reaction

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-liver-helping-enzymes/

Peroxide (H2O2) bleaches your hair, cleans up a would but can affect your body. Catalase converts peroxide into water and oxygen!

Is there a metabolic relationship between amylase and catalase?

Number Three

Some changes are permanent.

Some changes do not change the structure of the enzyme.

Lab with spectrometer and temperature

http://www.pierce.ctc.edu/staff/dblum/biology_160/list_and_laboratory_handouts/enzyme_spec2010.pdf

Sample amylase lab

http://www.und.nodak.edu/dept/jcarmich/101lab/lab6/lab6.html

http://www.laney.edu/wp/cheli-fossum/files/2012/01/10-Enzymes.pdf

Sample of a published amylase lab

http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.617.5889&rep=rep1&type=pdf

Indicators and enzyme reaction products.

What does IKI bond to?

What does Benedicts solution bond to?

https://www.hccfl.edu/media/571427/3-indicator%20tests%20for%20important%20nutrients.pdf

http://www.mhhe.com/cgi-bin/webquiz.pl

http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/maderinquiry/quiz.html