" The Big Picture!" by Mr C

Last lessons Objective

2.   Evolution’s patterns

3.   Using DNA to link Taxonomy and Evolution

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Number One

The role of protein synthesis is to make proteins.

Proteins are made from having or not having the code in DNA. For simplification, this is referred to as “a gene”

It is currently a theory that for each gene there is a protein.

The role of genetics in evolution became clearer when Hardy and Weinberg showed that the frequency of a particular allele or trait in a population influenced how that population could evolve. (Chapter 6)

Number Two

Taxonomy can be seen as a means to take the diversity of life and create an orderly system based upon classification.

This system came about to have a universal means to classify living things using a language that was not subject to change.

Using a dichotomous key, a series of yes or no questions allows the classifier to go from a whole group to specific genus and species.

A cladogram or family tree can show both taxonomy and evolutionary trends

To classify we go from:

Kingdom,Phylum,Class,Order,Family,Genus and Species

A species includes the genus that it came from.

Evolution looks at how species are formed and the mechanisms that allow genetic information to be displayed.

In chapter six, we note that genetic material influences how traits can be displayed within a population.

Genetic information can flow between populationsn.

A population has a “gene pool”

Traits within a population can shift and evolution can select traits, which causes gene frequency to “drift” from one frequency of alleles to a different value.

Number Three

Prokaryotic: Pre chromosome cells (Monera)

Eukaryotic: True cells with chromosomes and membrane bound organelles.

While the actually origins of life on the planet is still a theoretical idea, we can now use genetic traits and dna to show an indirect proof of how life has evolved.

All species lead back to a universal ancestor cell. This cell was probably prokaryotic.

Family trees and cladograms attempt to trace the lineage of how this ancestor cell changed with time.

Watch taxonomy video!

We now have three “domains” verses kingdoms to show both a genetic and taxonomical history of living things on earth.

Bacteria, Archea and Eukaryea are the three domains.

This form of classification helps to clear up a previous taxonomical system that had no information on genetics and gene interactions. It also considers the metabolism of simple prokaryotic cells that used to be classed simply as monera.

Evolution of the Blank

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uI_Q1kjmfxo

Taxonomy and life on earth

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F38BmgPcZ_I

DNA, Genetics and evolution

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSOOcJ_5sVM

Evolution attempt to understand the origin of a species and how species can diverge or converge.

DNA is the universal “language” of all living things. It is a molecule that can change with time and it can influence the mechanisms of evolutionary change