Science 10 Review Booklet Answers

Acids and Bases

1. (a) H⁺; less than; lower; blue; red; remains colourless; conduct; sour

(b) OH^– ; greater than; higher; red; blue; remains colourless in a weak base but turns pink at a pH of 10 or higher; conduct; bitter

2. Answers are in boldface.

Name of Substance	Chemical Formula of Aqueous Solution	Name of Acid or Base
hydrogen sulphide	H2S	hydrosulphuric acid
hydrogen carbonate	H2CO3	carbonic acid
hydrogen phosphate	H3PO4	phosphoric acid
magnesium hydroxide	Mg(OH)2	magnesium hydroxide solution
ammonium hydroxide	NH4OH	ammonium hydroxide solution
hydrogen chlorate	HClO3	chloric acid
hydrogen acetate	CH3COOH	acetic acid or ethanoic acid
hydrogen sulphite	H2SO3	sulphurous acid

Salts and Metal and Non-Metal Oxides

1. (a) HBr + NaOH → NaBr + H₂O; sodium bromide

(b) H₂SO₄ + Mg(OH)₂ → MgSO₄ + H₂O; magnesium sulphate

(c) 2H₃PO₄ + 3Sr(OH)₂ → Sr₃(PO₄)₂ + 6H₂O; strontium phosphate

(d) 3HNO₃ + Al(OH)₃ → Al(NO₃)₃ + 3H₂O; aluminum nitrate

(e) 2CH₃COOH + Ca(OH)₂ → Ca(CH₃COO)₂ + 2H₂O; calcium acetate

2. (a) 2HF + Mg → MgF₂ + H₂; magnesium fluoride

(b) 6HClO₃ + 2Al → 2Al(ClO₃)₃ + 3H₂; aluminum chlorate

(c) 2H₃PO₃ + 6K → 2K₃PO₃ + 3H₂; potassium phosphite

(d) 2HNO₃ + Ca → Ca(NO₃)₂ + H₂; calcium nitrate

(e) 2CH₃COOH + Zn → Zn(CH₃COO)₂ + H₂; zinc acetate

3. (a) basic

(b) acidic

(c) acidic

(d) basic

Chapter 5 Quiz

1. A

2. D

3. D

4. B

5. D

6. A

7. B

8. B

9. D

10. C
11. D
12. B
13. F
14. C
15. H
16. E
17. Answers are in boldface.

	Compound	Name	Acid, Base, or Neither?
(a)	H2SO4	sulphuric acid or aqueous hydrogen sulphate	acid
(b)	HCl	hydrochloric acid or aqueous hydrogen chloride	acid
(c)	Ca(OH)2	calcium hydroxide	base

 

18. Answers are in boldface.

Indicator	Colour at pH 4	Colour at pH 7	Colour at pH 10
Blue litmus paper	red	blue	blue
Red litmus paper	red	red	blue

Notice for #19 it doesn’t matter what order you put the water and the salt (and it doesn’t matter if the Acid is written first or second):

19. (a) HBr + KOH  →  KBr  +  H₂O

(b) 3H₂SO₄ + 2Al(OH)₃  →  Al₂(SO₄)₃  +  6H₂O

(c)        Neutralization

For block 1.3 students, please remember terminology around “What anion is in the acid sulfuric acid” (they really just want to know which negative ion is attached to the hydrogen ions) so the answer is sulfate.