{"id":519,"date":"2017-02-07T01:18:12","date_gmt":"2017-02-07T01:18:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/?p=519"},"modified":"2017-02-07T01:18:23","modified_gmt":"2017-02-07T01:18:23","slug":"519","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/2017\/02\/07\/519\/","title":{"rendered":"Protist Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Protist:<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A new bunch of organisms…<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Some questions to ponder:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

    \n
  1. How do these animal eat?<\/li>\n
  2. How do they regulate water balance?<\/li>\n
  3. How do they reproduce?<\/li>\n
  4. What are some characteristics that can be used for classification?<\/li>\n
  5. How are different types of protists both unique and different?<\/li>\n
  6. What is the advantages and disadvantages of living in fresh water?<\/li>\n
  7. What is the difference between a zooplankton and a phytoplankton?<\/li>\n
  8. What phylums and kingdom do all these creatures belong to?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    What is new!<\/strong> ( Comparing Protists to Bacteria and Virus<\/u>)<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Protists are eukaryotes and so have<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \n
      • distinct nucleus<\/li>\n
      • membrane bound cell organelles<\/li>\n
      • unique flagella<\/li>\n
      • are single celled<\/li>\n
      • have cytoplasmic streaming<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

         <\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Protist can live in a variety of environments, but are now larger so they need to regulate water balance and store and\/or make food.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

           <\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Protist are more diverse in how they move, using flagellums, pseudopods and cilia and intermediate hosts.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

             <\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Some protists can change their body shape or cell membrane during their life cycle.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

               <\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Some protists can reproduce using sexual reproduction.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Some protist, are parasitic they are called protozoans and cause diseases.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                   <\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Some protist have a silicone membranes and can glow in the dark!<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                     <\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Tiny protists are the major food choice of some of the worlds largest animals.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                       <\/p>\n

                      General Protist Notes<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

                       <\/p>\n

                      Where are they may found?…<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • Usually single cell creatures found in pond water<\/li>\n
                      • Over 50,000 living species<\/li>\n
                      • other locations and points of interest include:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        used as a means to clean sewage<\/p>\n

                        found in intestines of termites for digestion of cellulose<\/p>\n

                        may be an infectious diseases such as<\/p>\n

                        plasmodium…\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 which is malaria<\/p>\n

                        trympanosoma….\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 which is called sleeping sickness<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • protist move in response to several stimuli. This movement is called Protist can respond both to light and chemical stimuli, positive phototropism allows organisms to be attracted to light. Negative tropism<\/strong> allows organisms to avoid harmful stimuli such as predators, low oxygen, lower temperatures and other possible harmful chemical or physical stimuli. This response ( to move away from a stimuli) is called an avoidance response<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                           <\/p>\n

                          On a historic note<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

                           <\/p>\n

                          By jove! Forminifera (type of diatom) has hard shell which are used for dating early forms of life. Protozoans also show shell like deposits, an example is the White Cliffs of Dover in England.<\/p>\n

                           <\/p>\n

                           <\/p>\n

                          Form and Function<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

                          protists are Eukaryotes so…<\/p>\n

                           <\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • usually unicellular, so no tissues yet….<\/li>\n
                          • have a nucleus with a membrane<\/li>\n
                          • can be motile<\/li>\n
                          • can be (animal like) heterotrophic or ( plant like) autotrophic<\/li>\n
                          • have complex arrary cell organelles<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                             <\/p>\n

                             <\/p>\n

                            Classification:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                            Note:\u00a0 All protist belong to Kingdom Protista<\/em><\/strong>, which has four phylums.<\/p>\n

                            \u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \n
                            • Mostly Autotrophs called Phytoplankton<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                               <\/p>\n

                                \n
                              1. Phylum Euglenophyta <\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 example\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Euglena<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                  \n
                                • autotrophic, chlorphyll<\/li>\n
                                • no cell wall<\/li>\n
                                • move about with flagella<\/li>\n
                                • found in fresh water and soil<\/li>\n
                                • attracted to light ( positive phototropic)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                   <\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  1. Phylum Chrysophyta:<\/strong> example \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Diatoms<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                      \n
                                    • autotrophic, chlorophyll and yellow pigment ( golden algae)<\/li>\n
                                    • silica shell in cell wall form symetric shapes<\/li>\n
                                    • found in oceans<\/li>\n
                                    • positive phototropism<\/li>\n
                                    • silicas used in commercial product such as pool filters, silver polish and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 toothpaste<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                       <\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      1. Phylum Pyrrophyta:<\/strong> example\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dinoflagellates<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                          \n
                                        • autotrophic, chlorophyll, have red pigment which makes \u201cred tide\u201d<\/li>\n
                                        • heavy rigid cell wall<\/li>\n
                                        • two (dino) flagella<\/li>\n
                                        • found in oceans<\/li>\n
                                        • some species glow in dark ( bioluminescence: phenomenon of living \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 things giving off light, have protein which converts chemical energy to \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ight energy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                           <\/p>\n

                                            \n
                                          • Mostly Heterotrophs called Zooplankton:<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                             <\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                            1. Phylum Protozoa ( classified by how they move)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                \n
                                              • usually heterotrophic<\/li>\n
                                              • no cell walls, usually moveable cell membrane<\/li>\n
                                              • can move about or live as parasite<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                 <\/p>\n

                                                Protozoan classification<\/p>\n

                                                class Sarcodinia<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Amoeba<\/p>\n

                                                class Flagellata<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 trympanosoma and in termites<\/p>\n

                                                class Ciliophora<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Paramecium<\/p>\n

                                                class Sporozoa<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 parasitic<\/p>\n

                                                 <\/p>\n

                                                 <\/p>\n

                                                Types of Locomotion:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                flagella \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 found in Euglena<\/p>\n

                                                pseudo pod\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 found in Amoeba<\/p>\n

                                                (cytoplasmic streaming)<\/em><\/p>\n

                                                \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em>cilia\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 found in Paramecium<\/p>\n

                                                 <\/p>\n

                                                A quick comparison of three protist: ( note highlighted vocabulary<\/strong>)<\/u><\/em><\/p>\n

                                                 <\/p>\n

                                                Euglena<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

                                                  \n
                                                1. for movement it uses a flagellum<\/strong>, which makes the Euglena \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 very fast.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                   <\/p>\n

                                                    \n
                                                  1. for storing genetic material it has a nucleus<\/strong> and a nucleolus<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                    which regulates protein sythesis and cell \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 control, it is asexual in reproductive behaviour<\/p>\n

                                                     <\/p>\n

                                                      \n
                                                    1. for energy Euglena are autotrophs and have a chlorplast, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 with chlorophyll<\/strong> which allows for \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 photosythesis<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                       <\/p>\n

                                                        \n
                                                      1. for storing energy pyrenoids<\/strong> and parmylum<\/strong> store starch which \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 is a product of photosythesis<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                         <\/p>\n

                                                          \n
                                                        1. for protection and water it has a pellicle<\/strong> which maintains shape and<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                          balance\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 allows for diffusion across cell membrane.<\/p>\n

                                                           <\/p>\n

                                                            \n
                                                          1. Response to stimuli Euglena are attracted to light, this is call \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 phototropism<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                            \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                            Amoeba<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                              \n
                                                            • for locomotions it has extensions of cytoplasm which are \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 called pseudopod <\/strong>( false foot), so an \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 amoeba will move very slow. Ectoplasm ( layer \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 closest to cell membrane) is water like next to \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 internal gel like endoplasm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                              \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                \n
                                                              • for genetic material it has only one nucleu<\/strong>s and is asexual<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                  \n
                                                                • for energy it has food vacuoles<\/strong> which digest food \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 with enzymes and move nutrients to<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                  \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                    \n
                                                                  • to balance water it has contractile vacuoles<\/strong>, in a variety \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 of positions within cytoplasm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                    .<\/p>\n

                                                                      \n
                                                                    • to maintain shape it has an inner membrane, endoplasm<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                      and an outer membrane, ectoplasm<\/strong>, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 these two layers are needed since it is \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 constantly changing shape.<\/p>\n

                                                                      \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        \n
                                                                      • stimuli amoebas are attracted to food and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 some chemicals but move away from \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 harmful chemicals and light. (negative \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 tropism)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                        \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                        Paramecium<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                          \n
                                                                        • for locomotion it has cilia <\/strong>surrounding whole body so it \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 moves very fast.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                          \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                            \n
                                                                          • for genetic information there is a micronucleus<\/strong> to controls \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sexual reproduction, ( it divides during \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 conjugation<\/strong>)and a macronucleus<\/strong> to \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 control cell functions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                            \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                              \n
                                                                            • for feeding it has a \u201cmouth\u201d called an oral groove<\/strong> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 and a mouth pore<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                              \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                \n
                                                                              • for digestion it has a gullet<\/strong> which is like a stomach, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 which forms food vacuoles<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                  \n
                                                                                • for removal of food waste there is an anal pore<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                  \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                    \n
                                                                                  • for water balance there is a contractile vacuole<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                      \n
                                                                                    • for shape there is a distinct cell membrane, a \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 rigid pellicle <\/strong>which holds cells shape.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                      \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                        \n
                                                                                      • for stimuli there are small \u201cspears\u201d call trichocyst <\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 which serve as a form of protection or \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hunting for food.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                        \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                        \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                                         <\/p>\n

                                                                                          \n
                                                                                        1. Ways to compare Zooplankton:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                                                           <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                                          Function or Structure<\/td>\nEuglena<\/td>\nAmoeba<\/td>\nParamecium<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                          Locomotion<\/p>\n

                                                                                          (structure)<\/td>\n

                                                                                          		Flagellum<\/td>\nPseudopod<\/td>\nCilia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                          Speed of locomotion<\/td>\nModerately Fast<\/td>\nVery Slow<\/td>\nVery fast<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                          Nutrition or digestion<\/td>\nautotroph<\/p>\n

                                                                                          manufactures own food with chlorphyll<\/td>\n

                                                                                          		heterotroph<\/p>\n

                                                                                          engulfs food at any point of cell membrane. Digests via food vacuoles<\/td>\n

                                                                                          		heterotroph<\/p>\n

                                                                                          uses oral groove or gullet to suck in food (cyclosis)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                                          Respiration or gas exchange<\/td>\nDiffusion through cell membrane<\/td>\nSame<\/td>\nSame<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                          Excretion of liquids and water balance<\/td>\nContractile vacuole in definite position<\/td>\ncontractile vacuole may vary in position<\/td>\ntwo contractile vacuoles in definite position<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                          Excretion of solids<\/td>\nThrough reservoir<\/td>\nPushed through membrane at any point<\/td>\nHas an anal pore<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                          Excretion of gaseous wastes<\/td>\nDiffuse through cell membrane or through contractile vacuole if dissolved in fluid<\/td>\nsame<\/td>\nsame<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                          Reproduction<\/td>\nasexual via binnary fission<\/td>\nasexual by binnary fission<\/p>\n

                                                                                          may form cysts<\/td>\n

                                                                                          		asexual binary fission<\/p>\n

                                                                                          sexual via conjugation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                                                          Shape<\/td>\ndefinite shape<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                          Behaviour<\/td>\nresponds to light, called phototrophic<\/p>\n

                                                                                           <\/td>\n

                                                                                          		+ to food and chemicals<\/p>\n

                                                                                          – to light<\/td>\n

                                                                                          		+ to food and chemicals<\/p>\n

                                                                                          – to trichocysts<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                                                           <\/p>\n

                                                                                           <\/p>\n

                                                                                          The Amoeba<\/p>\n

                                                                                          has<\/p>\n

                                                                                          a nucleus<\/p>\n

                                                                                          granular cytoplasm<\/p>\n

                                                                                          vacuoles<\/p>\n

                                                                                          semi-permeable membrane<\/p>\n

                                                                                          engulfs food by using pseudopod<\/p>\n

                                                                                           <\/p>\n

                                                                                          Other species<\/p>\n

                                                                                          Forminifera<\/p>\n

                                                                                          Radiolaria<\/p>\n

                                                                                          Bacillaria<\/p>\n

                                                                                           <\/p>\n

                                                                                          The Paramecium<\/p>\n

                                                                                          member of class called the ciliates<\/p>\n

                                                                                          has<\/p>\n

                                                                                          cilia for locomotion<\/p>\n

                                                                                          feeds through funnel like gullet<\/p>\n

                                                                                          has 2 nuclei, reproduction through binary fission<\/p>\n

                                                                                          for every single cell, 8 new ones are created<\/p>\n

                                                                                          contractile vacuole controls water balance<\/p>\n

                                                                                          sexual reproduction by conjugation<\/p>\n

                                                                                           <\/p>\n

                                                                                          Protist are:<\/p>\n

                                                                                          single cell<\/p>\n

                                                                                          complex<\/p>\n

                                                                                          can be in colonies ( example: Volvox..has up to 5000 cells in it<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                                                          Protist:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A new bunch of organisms…   Some questions to ponder:   How do these animal eat? How do they regulate water balance? How do they reproduce? What are some characteristics that can be used for classification? How are different types of protists both unique and different? What is the advantages and disadvantages of living […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":245,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-519","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology-eleven-notes","category-protist"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/519","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/245"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=519"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/519\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":521,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/519\/revisions\/521"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=519"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=519"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=519"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}