{"id":370,"date":"2016-07-27T05:03:58","date_gmt":"2016-07-27T05:03:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/?p=370"},"modified":"2016-07-27T05:05:22","modified_gmt":"2016-07-27T05:05:22","slug":"cnidaria-gap-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/2016\/07\/27\/cnidaria-gap-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Cnidaria Gap Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Biology 11<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ Block: ____<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

Phylum Cnidaria:<\/p>\n

(Greek: cnidos = \u201cstinging needle\u201d)<\/em><\/p>\n

Pages 306-309<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Background<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • 4 Major Classes:<\/strong>\n
        \n
      1. _______________<\/u>:True coral, Sea Anemones, Sea Pens – ~6000 spp<\/li>\n
      2. _______________<\/u>: Box Jellyfish, Sea Wasps – ~20 spp<\/li>\n
      3. _______________<\/u>: Hydroids, Freshwater Hydra, Fire Coral – ~3000 spp<\/li>\n
      4. _______________<\/u>: True Jellyfish – ~200 spp<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

         <\/p>\n

        DID YOU KNOW!!!: The \u201cBox Jellyfish\u201d has the most potent venom of any animal on the<\/p>\n

        planet. A sting from these Australian jellyfish is usually fatal<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

          \n
        • Most Cnidarians are _______________<\/u>, but some live in _______________<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

           <\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Body Plan\/Structure:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \n
            • The Cnidarian have a _______________<\/u> symmetrical body plan<\/li>\n
            • They are the first Phylum that we will study with a true _______________<\/u> (gut)<\/li>\n
            • There is only one opening into the _______________<\/u> which serves the function of _______________ <\/u>and _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
            • Like the Sponges they only have two germ layers:\n
                \n
              1. _______________<\/u> : Outside<\/li>\n
              2. _______________<\/u> : Inside<\/li>\n
              3. _______________<\/u> (Not really a germ layer): A jelly-like material that lies between the _______________<\/u> and the _______________<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                  \n
                • They do not have<\/strong> organs but do have<\/strong> _______________<\/u> and _______________ <\/u>(but no brain)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                    \n
                  • They do not have<\/strong> a _______________<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                     <\/p>\n

                    DID YOU KNOW!!!: Up to 95% of a Cnidarian\u2019s body may be water!!!<\/p>\n

                     <\/p>\n

                     <\/p>\n

                     <\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • All Cnidarians have _______________<\/u> around the _______________<\/u> which they use to catch food\n
                        \n
                      • The tentacles have special cells called _______________<\/u>. Inside these _______________<\/u> are little harpoons called _______________<\/u> which fire to capture food<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                         <\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • Cnidarians demonstrate _______________<\/u> in their lifecycle:\n
                            \n
                          • They have a _______________<\/u> of their lifecycle which is _______________<\/u> and _______________<\/u> (eg. Anemone)<\/li>\n
                          • They also have a _______________<\/u> of their lifecycle which is _______________<\/u>and _______________<\/u> (eg. Jellyfish)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                             <\/p>\n

                            III. Feeding:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \n
                            1. Capturing Prey:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                \n
                              • Cnidarians use _______________<\/u> to capture food<\/li>\n
                              • Thousands of special cells on the tentacles, called _______________<\/u>, contain sacs called _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                              • The _______________<\/u> contain a coiled, hollow, threadlike tube which is often filled with _______________<\/u>.<\/li>\n
                              • When a tentacle brushes up against something it triggers the _______________<\/u> to fire the harpoon-like threads in order to _______________<\/u>, _______________<\/u> and sometimes _______________<\/u> the prey<\/li>\n
                              • The _______________<\/u> form is _______________<\/u> and must wait for prey to come close enough to capture it while the _______________<\/u> form is _______________<\/u> and accidentally swims close enough to prey to capture it (they don\u2019t have a brain so they don’t think about what they\u2019re doing).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                 <\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                1. Digestion:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                    \n
                                  • Captured prey is brought to the _______________<\/u> by the tentacles<\/li>\n
                                  • The food is taken into the _______________<\/u> where it is digested<\/li>\n
                                  • The nutrients from the digested prey are absorbed into the _______________<\/u> where they _______________ <\/u>throughout the Cnidarian<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    1. Respiration: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                        \n
                                      • _______________<\/u> is absorbed<\/strong> directly into the cells of Cnidarians from the surrounding water by _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                                      • _______________<\/u> is released<\/strong> directly from the cells of Cnidarians into the surrounding water by _______________diffusion<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                         <\/p>\n

                                         <\/p>\n

                                         <\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        1. Excretion:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                            \n
                                          • Undigested food is released back into the water through the _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                                          • Metabolic wastes are released directly from the cells of Cnidarians into the surrounding water<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                             <\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                            1. Response:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                \n
                                              • Cnidarians do not have<\/strong> a brain, but they have a _______________<\/u> that encircles the body<\/li>\n
                                              • The _______________<\/u> is a very simple type of _______________<\/u> that controls simple ____________<\/u> and is used for movement and to control the ___________<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                 <\/p>\n

                                                  \n
                                                • Cnidarians can also sense and respond to their surroundings. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 These include:\n
                                                    \n
                                                  1. Sense and respond to _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                                                  2. Sense and respond to _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                                                  3. Sense and respond to _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                                                  4. Sense and respond to _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                                                  5. Sense and respond to _______________<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                    VII. Reproduction:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                      \n
                                                    • Alternation of Generations:\n
                                                        \n
                                                      • Aexual Reproduction:\n
                                                          \n
                                                        • The sessile polyp stage undergoes _______________<\/u> reproduction by _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                                                        • _______________<\/u> gives rise to the _______________<\/u> stage of the life cycle<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                                        • Sexual Reproduction:\n
                                                            \n
                                                          • The _______________<\/u> stage can be either _______________<\/u> or _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                                                          • The _______________<\/u> develop and cluster in the _______________<\/u> to form \u201c_______________<\/u>\u201d (not true organs)<\/li>\n
                                                          • The gametes are released into the water<\/li>\n
                                                          • When a _______________<\/u> cell meets an _______________<\/u> cell in the water it fertilizes it<\/li>\n
                                                          • The fertilized egg (_______________<\/u>) develops into the _______________<\/u> larva stage called a _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                                                          • The _______________<\/u> eventually attaches to an object to form a new p_______________<\/u> stage<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                             <\/p>\n

                                                            DID YOU KNOW!!!: Some Cnidarians like Sea Anemones and Coral (Anthozoans) do not have a medusa stage in their lifecycle. Instead they are hermaphroditic and release both eggs and sperm directly into the water.<\/p>\n

                                                             <\/p>\n

                                                            VIII. Movement:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                              \n
                                                            • The _______________<\/u> form of Cnidarians are _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                                                            • The _______________<\/u> form of Cnidarians are _______________<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                               <\/p>\n

                                                                \n
                                                              1. Colonial Specialization<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                                  \n
                                                                • Some Cnidarians can form colonies<\/li>\n
                                                                • Most of the colonies are formed during the _______________<\/u> stage of the lifecycle but some Cnidarians form colonies during the _______________<\/u> stage of the lifecycle<\/li>\n
                                                                • Colonies allow for _______________<\/u> of parts<\/li>\n
                                                                • These colonies are formed from many polyps each with a specific function<\/li>\n
                                                                • One example of a colonial Cnidarian is The Portugese Man ‘O War, which contains polyps sepecialized for _______________<\/u>, _______________<\/u>, _______________<\/u>, and_______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                                                                • <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                  DID YOU KNOW!!!: Corals are gigantic colonies of Cnidarian polyps. These polyps secrete<\/p>\n

                                                                  calcium carbonate for protection which gives Corals all of their cool shapes!!!.<\/p>\n

                                                                   <\/p>\n

                                                                  DID YOU KNOW!!!: As Corals die new ones grow over the dead calcium carbonate skeletons. Many generations of settlement, growth and death result in huge reefs like the Great Barrier Reef, hundreds<\/strong> of feet thick and millions<\/strong> of years old!!!.<\/p>\n

                                                                  \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                    \n
                                                                  1. Ecological Roles of Cnidarians:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                                      \n
                                                                    • _______________<\/u> and _______________<\/u> form symbiotic relationships with thousands of other organisms<\/li>\n
                                                                    • Some anemone form symbiotic relationships with _______________<\/u><\/li>\n
                                                                    • Both anemone and coral provide _______________<\/u>, _______________<\/u>, and _______________<\/u> for thousands of organisms<\/li>\n
                                                                    • Coral reefs also help humans in many ways\n
                                                                        \n
                                                                      • The protect the coastal land from damaging waves<\/li>\n
                                                                      • They also create amazing waves that many people enjoy surfing<\/li>\n
                                                                      • Many people around the world rely for food on the abundant coral reef fish<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                         <\/p>\n

                                                                        DID YOU KNOW!!!: The Bonsai Pipeline off the North Shore of Hawaii is created by a reef that lays only a few feet beneath the surface of the ocean!!!.<\/p>\n

                                                                        \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                          \n
                                                                        • Coral Bleaching:\n
                                                                            \n
                                                                          • The coral reefs around the world are quickly being destroyed.<\/li>\n
                                                                          • Pollution created by us humans is killing the polyps of the coral leaving behind the white calcium carbonate reef. This is called coral bleaching.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                            The calcium carbonate reefs are much more fragile and are destroyed by waves which destroys many of the ecosystems found in<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                                            Biology 11 \u00a0 Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ Block: ____ \u00a0 \u00a0 Phylum Cnidaria: (Greek: cnidos = \u201cstinging needle\u201d) Pages 306-309   Background \u00a0 4 Major Classes: _______________:True coral, Sea Anemones, Sea Pens – ~6000 spp _______________: Box Jellyfish, Sea Wasps – ~20 spp _______________: Hydroids, Freshwater Hydra, Fire Coral – ~3000 spp _______________: True Jellyfish […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":245,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-370","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology-eleven-notes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/370","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/245"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=370"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/370\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":371,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/370\/revisions\/371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=370"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=370"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vsb.bc.ca\/mcarmichae\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=370"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}